I will use some examples to show the difference and hopefully it makes sense.

Normally speaking, 得 is used right after verb and before adv.. 的 is used after adj.and before n..地 is used after adv. before verb.
跑得很快 (v. 得 adv.)  (focus on 快)
快速地跑(adv. 地 v.)  (focus on 跑)
干净的衣服 (adj. 的 n.) （focus on 干净 or 衣服 depend on the dialogue）

感谢您对汉语的推广。